configure Cisco and the Cisco logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of Cisco and/or its affiliates in the U.S. and other countries. To configure DPD in an Easy VPN remote configuration, perform the following steps. With on-demand DPD, messages are sent on the basis of traffic patterns. The Cisco Support and Documentation website provides online resources to download documentation, software, and tools. The benefit of this approach over the default approach (on-demand dead peer detection) is earlier detection of dead peers. To locate and download MIBs for selected platforms, Cisco IOS software releases, and feature sets, use Cisco MIB Locator found at the following URL: DPD conforms to the Internet draft draft-ietf-ipsec-dpd-04.txt, which is pending publication as an Informational RFC (a number has not yet been assigned). To this end, a number of vendors have implemented their own approach to detect peer liveliness without needing to send messages at regular intervals. For the latest feature information and caveats, see the release notes for your platform and software release. Dead Peer Detection Periodic Message Option. mode The contrasting on-demand approach is the default. Your software release may not support all the features documented in this module. match address 101, Table 1Feature Information for Dead Peer Detection, IPsec Anti-Replay Window Expandingand Disabling, Invalid Security Parameter Index Recovery, IPsec Dead Peer Detection PeriodicMessage Option, DF Bit Override Functionality with IPsec Tunnels, Prerequisites for IPsec Dead Peer Detection PeriodicMessage Option, Restrictions for IPsec Dead Peer Detection PeriodicMessage Option, Information About IPsec Dead Peer DetectionPeriodic Message Option, How DPD and Cisco IOS XE Keepalive Features Work, Using the IPsec Dead Peer Detection Periodic Message Option, Using DPD and Cisco IOS XE Keepalive Featureswith Multiple Peers in the Crypto Map, Using DPD in an Easy VPN Remote Configuration, How to Configure IPsec Dead Peer Detection PeriodicMessage Option, Configuring DPD and Cisco IOS XE Keepalives with Multiple Peersin the Crypto Map, Configuration Examples for IPsec Dead Peer DetectionPeriodic Message Option, Site-to-Site Setup with Periodic DPD Enabled Example, Easy VPN Remote with DPD Enabled Example, Verifying DPD Configuration Using the debug crypto isakmp Command Example, DPD and Cisco IOS XE Keepalives Used in Conjunction with Multiple Peers in a Crypto Map Example, DPD Used in Conjunction with Multiple Peers for an Easy VPN Remote Example, Feature Information for Dead Peer DetectionPeriodic Message Option, Site-to-Site Setup with To configure DPD and IOS keepalives to be used in conjunction with the crypto map to allow for stateless failover, perform the following steps. {ipaddress | hostname}, Router (config)# crypto ipsec client ezvpn ezvpn-config1. ezvpn session Enters crypto map configuration mode and creates or modifies a crypto map entry. DPD also has an on-demand approach. When DPD is in use, the router will send DPD packet R_U_THERE to the VPN peer and wait for peer's ACK. address Security threats, as well as the . {host-name [dynamic] | ip-address}, 5. keepalive When two peers communicate with IKE [2] and IPSec [3], the situation may arise in which connectivity between the two goes down unexpectedly. For example, if a router has to send outbound traffic and the liveliness of the peer is questionable, the router sends a DPD message to query the status of the peer. Router (config-crypto-ezvpn)# connect manual. The IPsec Dead Peer Detection Periodic Message Option feature allows you to configure your router to query the liveliness of its Internet Key Exchange (IKE) peer at regular intervals. An implementation should retransmit R-U-THERE queries when it fails to receive an ACK. Using periodic DPD potentially allows the router to detect an unresponsive IKE peer with better response time when compared to on-demand DPD. keepalive. Manually establishes and terminates an IPsec VPN tunnel on demand. set 2. group-name When the On the IKE gateway between the PAN and Cisco R1 IKEv2, I set the "liveness check" to 5. The router sends one DPD R_U_THERE message and four retransmissions before it finally deletes the IPsec and IKE SAs. Specifies the VPN mode of operation of the router. An account on Cisco.com is not required. key These schemes tend to be unidirectional (a HELLO only) or bidirectional (a HELLO/ACK pair). This feature allows you to configure your router to query the liveliness of its IKE peer at regular intervals. The benefit of IOS keepalives and periodic DPD is earlier detection of dead peers. Finding Feature Information crypto Configure dead peer detection in Cisco router. 3. www.cisco.com/go/trademarks. Configure dead peer detection in Cisco router. seq-num crypto An account on Cisco.com is not required. The Cisco Support website provides extensive online resources, including documentation and tools for troubleshooting and resolving technical issues with Cisco products and technologies. The IPsec Dead Peer Detection Periodic Message Option feature allows you to configure your router to query the liveliness of its Internet Key Exchange (IKE) peer at regular intervals. You can specify more than one transform set name by repeating this command. Once 1 DPD message is missed by the peer, the router moves to a more aggressive state and sends the DPD retry message at the faster retry interval, which is the number of seconds between DPD retries if the DPD message is missed by the peer. ezvpn Unless noted otherwise, subsequent releases of that software release train also support that feature. The contrasting on-demand approach is the default. 2. The debug crypto isakmp command can be used to verify that DPD is enabled. The above message corresponds to receiving the acknowledge (ACK) message from the peer. DPD addresses the shortcomings of IKE keepalives- and heartbeats- schemes by introducing a more reasonable logic governing message exchange. periodic keyword. This table lists only the software release that introduced support for a given feature in a given software release train. If you do not specify a time interval, an error message appears. Dead Peer Detection: Dead Peer Detection: Turned on: Check peer after every: 30: Wait for response up to: 120: When peer unreachable: Re-initiate: Click Save. DPD is a method used by devices to verify the current existence and availability of IPsec peers. If you do not configure the Before configuring the IPsec Dead Peer Detection Periodic Message Option feature, you should have the following: Familiarity with configuring IP Security (IPsec). Almost everything is left to an implementation. crypto Your software release may not support all the features documented in this module. enable, 2. keepalive If you want to configure the DPD periodic message option, you should use the Sets the peer IP address or host name for the VPN connection. Unless noted otherwise, subsequent releases of that software release train also support that feature. Hello. Local and remote peer IDs are set, proxy ID's in Palo are set, NAT traversal set on both, both key times are the same, 28,800 for phase 1 and 2. You can specify multiple peers by repeating this command. Use Cisco Feature Navigator to find information about platform support and Cisco software image support. This command can be repeated multiple times. DPD Requests are sent asISAKMP R-U-THEREmessages and DPD Responses are sent asISAKMP R-U-THERE-ACKmessages. View with Adobe Reader on a variety of devices. DPD allows the router to detect a dead IKE peer, and when the router detects the dead state, the router deletes the IPsec and IKE SAs to the peer. DPD and IOS keepalive features can be used in conjunction with multiple peers in the crypto map to allow for stateless failover. In this example, an SA could be set up to the IPsec peer at 10.0.0.1, 10.0.0.2, or 10.0.0.3. IPsec Dead Peer Detection Periodic Message Option. keepalive command with the {host-name [dynamic] | ip-address}, 5. transform-set This configuration also causes a router to cycle through the peer list when it detects that the first peer is dead. The result of sending frequent messages is that the communicating peers must encrypt and decrypt more packets. The match In the implementation, this translates into managing some timer to service these message intervals. Specifies an IPsec peer in a crypto map entry. DPD and Cisco IOS XE keepalive features can be used in conjunction with multiple peers in the crypto map to allow for stateless failover. The following configuration tells the router to send a periodic DPD message every 30 seconds. DPD (Dead Peer Detection) IPsec () IPsec () . The ipsec-isakmp keyword indicates that IKE will be used to establish the IPsec SAs for protecting the traffic specified by this crypto map entry. set This situation can arise because of routing problems, one host rebooting, etc., and in such cases, there is often no way for IKE and IPSec to identify the loss of peer connectivity. periodic DPD allows the router to clear the IKE state when a peer becomes unreachable. crypto ipsec Dead Peer Detection ( DPD) is a method that allows detection of unreachable Internet Key Exchange (IKE) peers. match A keepalive timer of 10 seconds with 5 retries seems to work well with HA because of the time that it takes for the router to get into active mode. Creates a Cisco Easy VPN remote configuration and enters the Cisco Easy VPN Remote configuration mode. Router (config-crypto-map)# set peer 10.12.12.12. No new or modified MIBs are supported by this feature, and support for existing MIBs has not been modified by this feature. If the peer fails to respond to the DPD R_U_THERE message, the router will resend the message every 20 seconds (four transmissions altogether). www.cisco.com/go/trademarks. DPD allows the router to clear the IKE state when a peer becomes unreachable. A listing of Cisco's trademarks can be found at The benefit of this approach over the default approach (on-demand dead peer detection) is earlier detection of dead peers. Sets the peer IP address or host name for the VPN connection. The following sections provide references related to IPsec Dead Peer Detection Periodic Message Option. set If you want to configure the DPD periodic message option, you should use the Specifies which transform sets can be used with the crypto map entry. map-name By contrast, with DPD, each peers DPD state is largely independent of the others. terminal, 3. mode If the peer fails to respond to the DPD R_U_THERE message, the router resends the message every 20 seconds (four transmissions altogether). Third party trademarks mentioned are the property of their respective owners. set peer 10.2.80.209 Dead Peer Detection kills IPsec after 3min Sebastian R over 4 years ago Hello guys, I just created first IPsec connection with my UTM. The following command was introduced: connect DPD is a method used by devices to verify the current existence and availability of IPsec peers. 3. set DPD is a method used by devices to verify the current existence and availability of IPsec peers. Lets understand Dead peer detection (DPD) with scenario-. The following example shows that DPD and Cisco IOS keepalives are used in conjunction with multiple peers in a crypto map configuration when IKE is used to establish the security associations (SAs). Specifies which transform sets can be used with the crypto map entry. 2. An account on Cisco.com is not required. group What is Dead Peer Detection (DPD)? The benefit of this approach over the default approach (on-demand dead peer detection) is earlier detection of dead peers. This table lists only the software release that introduced support for a given feature in a given software release train. Use Cisco Feature Navigator to find information about platform support and Cisco software image support. crypto The IPsec Dead Peer Detection Periodic Message Option feature is used to configure the router to query the liveliness of its Internet Key Exchange (IKE) peer at regular intervals. Once 1 DPD message is missed by the peer, the router moves to a more aggressive state and sends the DPD retry message at the faster retry interval, which is the number of seconds between DPD retries if the DPD message is missed by the peer. The configurations are for the IKE Phase 1 policy and for the IKE preshared key. Dead Peer Detection (DPD) is a method that allows detection of unreachable Internet Key Exchange (IKE) peers. Specifies an extended access list for a crypto map entry. clear DPD and Cisco IOS keepalives function on the basis of the timer. on-demand <----- Trigger Dead Peer Detection when IPsec traffic is sent but no reply is received from the peer. www.cisco.com/go/cfn. This table lists only the software release that introduced support for a given feature in a given software release train. Creates a Cisco Easy VPN remote configuration and enters the Cisco Easy VPN Remote configuration mode. isakmp crypto The Cisco Support and Documentation website provides online resources to download documentation, software, and tools. {host-name [dynamic] | ip-address}, 5. peer The IPsec Dead Peer Detection Periodic Message Option feature is used to configure the router to query the liveliness of its Internet Key Exchange (IKE) peer at regular intervals. An IKE peer that supports DPD (dead peer detection). The above message corresponds to receiving the acknowledge (ACK) message from the peer. name, 4. Any Internet Protocol (IP) addresses and phone numbers used in this document are not intended to be actual addresses and phone numbers. 2. The benefit of this approach over the default approach (on-demand dead peer . http://www.cisco.com/cisco/web/support/index.html. [local ip-address [port local-port]] [remote ip-address [port remote-port]] | [fvrf vrf-name] [ivrf vrf-name], 3. Specifies the group name and key value for the Virtual Private Network (VPN) connection. isakmp. Configure dead peer detection in Cisco router. Because this option is the default, the on-demand keyword does not appear in configuration output. Overview. periodic keyword, the router defaults to the on-demand approach. configurations are for a site-to-site setup with no periodic DPD enabled. Manually establishes and terminates an IPsec VPN tunnel on demand. IKEv2 and Dead Peer Detection. keepalive command with the An account on Cisco.com is not required. For example, if a router has no traffic to send, a DPD message is still sent at regular intervals, and if a peer is dead, the router does not have to wait until the IKE SA times out to find out. Starting in Junos OS Release 17.2R1, the dead-peer-detection options are also applicable to IKEv2 SAs. [retry-seconds] [periodic | on-demand], Router (config)# crypto isakmp keepalive 10 periodic. crypto Exceptions may be present in the documentation due to language that is hardcoded in the user interfaces of the product software, language used based on RFP documentation, or language that is used by a referenced third-party product. Technical Tip: Configuring DPD (dead peer detectio Technical Tip: Configuring DPD (dead peer detection) on IPsec VPN. Dead Peer Detection ( DPD) is a method that allows detection of unreachable Internet Key Exchange (IKE) peers. [access-list-id | name], Router (config)# crypto map green 1 ipsec-isakmp. If the timer is set for 10 seconds, the router will send a hello message every 10 seconds (unless, of course, the router receives a hello message from the peer). Router (config-crypto-map)# match address 101. {auto | manual}, 5. Abstract This document describes the method detecting a dead Internet Key Exchange (IKE) peer that is presently in use by a number of vendors. seconds group-key, 6. If a peer is dead, and the router never has any traffic to send to the peer, the router will not find out until the IKE or IPsec security association (SA) has to be rekeyed (the liveliness of the peer is unimportant if the router is not trying to communicate with the peer). seconds Enters crypto map configuration mode and creates or modifies a crypto map entry. For the purposes of this documentation set, bias-free is defined as language that does not imply discrimination based on age, disability, gender, racial identity, ethnic identity, sexual orientation, socioeconomic status, and intersectionality. Specifies the group name and key value for the Virtual Private Network (VPN) connection. FortiClient is compatible with Fabric-Ready partners to further strengthen enterprises security posture. FortiClient proactively defends against advanced attacks. client A hostname can be specified only when the router has a DNS server available for host-name resolution. For example, if a router has no traffic to send, a DPD message is still sent at regular intervals, and if a peer is dead, the router does not have to wait until the IKE SA times out to find out. When communicating to large numbers of IKE peers, you should consider using on-demand DPD instead. To access Cisco Feature Navigator, go to Allows the gateway to send DPD messages to the peer. 2012 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. DPD can be used in an Easy VPN remote configuration. http://www.cisco.com/cisco/web/support/index.html. The following To receive security and technical information about your products, you can subscribe to various services, such as the Product Alert Tool (accessed from Field Notices), the Cisco Technical Services Newsletter, and Really Simple Syndication (RSS) Feeds. The IPsec Dead Peer Detection Periodic Message Option feature is used to configure the router to query the liveliness of its Internet Key Exchange (IKE) peer at regular intervals. The following table provides release information about the feature or features described in this module. Any Internet Protocol (IP) addresses and phone numbers used in this document are not intended to be actual addresses and phone numbers. Learn more about how Cisco is using Inclusive Language. isakmp. crypto The commands in this article will help to configure DPD (dead peer detection) on IPsec VPN. set retry-seconds DPD allows the router to detect a dead IKE peer, and when the router detects the dead state, the router deletes the IPsec and IKE SAs to the peer. peer Your software release may not support all the features documented in this module. A keepalive timer of 10 seconds with 5 retries seems to work well with HA because of the time that it takes for the router to get into active mode. Configure DHCP Server on Cisco IOS router, Configure web-based Kubernetes user interface, Create Kubernetes Cluster with Kubeadm on Centos 7 from scratch. If a peer is dead, and the router never has any traffic to send to the peer, the router does not discover this until the IKE or IPsec security association (SA) has to be rekeyed (the liveliness of the peer is unimportant if the router is not trying to communicate with the peer). Router (config-crypto-ezvpn)# connect manual. IKE peer should send an R-U-THERE query to its peer if it is interested in the liveliness of this peer. match 2. Any examples, command display output, network topology diagrams, and other figures included in the document are shown for illustrative purposes only. The above message corresponds to receiving the acknowledge (ACK) message from the peer. terminal, 3. Specifies the VPN mode of operation of the router. An IKE peer that supports DPD (dead peer detection). DPD is a method used by devices to verify the current existence and availability of IPsec peers. The following sample output from the debug crypto isakmp command verifies that IKE DPD is enabled: To see that IKE DPD is enabled (and that the peer supports DPD): when periodic DPD is enabled, you should see the following debug messages at the interval specified by the command: The above message corresponds to sending the DPD R_U_THERE message. peer [retry-seconds] [periodic | on-demand], Router (config)# crypto isakmp keepalive 10 periodic. To find information about the features documented in this module, and to see a list of the releases in which each feature is supported, see the Feature Information Table at the end of this document. Five aggressive DPD retry messages can be missed before the tunnel is marked as down. debug crypto [access-list-id | name], Router (config)# crypto map green 1 ipsec-isakmp. In implementations and installations where managing large numbers of simultaneous IKE sessions is of concern, these regular heartbeats/keepalives prove to be infeasible. In Sophos implementation, you cannot disable this parameter due to the Sophos Firewall being a stateful firewall which would timeout the connection otherwise. If a peer is dead, and the router never has any traffic to send to the peer, the router does not discover this until the IKE or IPsec security association (SA) has to be rekeyed (the liveliness of the peer is unimportant if the router is not trying to communicate with the peer). DPD allows the router to detect a dead IKE peer, and when the router detects the dead state, the router deletes the IPsec and IKE SAs to the peer. When the on-demand keyword is used, this argument is the number of seconds during which traffic is not received from the peer before DPD retry messages are sent if there is data (IPSec) traffic to send; the range is from 10 to 3600 seconds. ASA may have nothing to send to the peer, but DPD is still sent if the peer is idle. The values clear, hold, and restart all activate DPD and determine the action to perform on a timeout. crypto Make sure the IPsec policies for both connections are the same, otherwise the VNet-to-VNet connection will not establish. Use these resources to install and configure the software and to troubleshoot and resolve technical issues with Cisco products and technologies. For the latest caveats and feature information, see Bug Search Tool and the release notes for your platform and software release. Deletes crypto sessions (IPsec and IKE SAs). Dead Peer Detection (DPD) refers to functionality documented in RFC 3706, which is a method of detecting dead Internet Key Exchange (IKE/Phase1) peers.Tunnel Monitoring is a Palo Alto Networks proprietary feature that verifies traffic is successfully passing across the IPSec tunnel in question by sending a PING down the tunnel to the configured destination. However, IOS keepalives and periodic DPD rely on periodic messages that have to be sent with considerable frequency. The IPsec Dead Peer Detection Periodic Message Option feature allows you to configure your router to query the liveliness of its Internet Key Exchange (IKE) peer at regular intervals. Copyright 2022 Fortinet, Inc. All Rights Reserved. client The following configurations are for a site-to-site setup with no periodic DPD enabled. The result of sending frequent messages is that the communicating peers must encrypt and decrypt more packets. You can specify more than one transform set name by repeating this command. To configure DPD with IPsec High Availability (HA), the recommendation is to use a value other than the default (which is 2 seconds). DPD also has an on-demand approach. group-name Sets dead peer detection options when dead peer detection has been enabled with the initiate-dead-peer-detection command. For example, if a router has to send outbound traffic and the liveliness of the peer is questionable, the router sends a DPD message to query the status of the peer. DPD is described in the informational RFC 3706: "A Traffic-Based Method of Detecting Dead Internet Key Exchange (IKE) Peers" authored by G. Huang, S. Beaulieu, D. Rochefort. group-name Ikemgr.log (CLI: less mp-log ikemgr.log) indicating the tunnel going down due to DPD. controls the use of the Dead Peer Detection protocol (DPD, RFC 3706) where R_U_THERE notification messages (IKEv1) or empty INFORMATIONAL messages (IKEv2) are periodically sent in order to check the liveliness of the IPsec peer. This problem of detecting a dead IKE peer has been addressed by proposals that require sending periodic HELLO/ACK messages to prove liveliness. There is actually an official RFC 3706 "A Traffic . IPsec Dead Peer Detection Periodic Message Option. Specifies an extended access list for a crypto map entry. isakmp 1. A complete DPD exchange (i.e., transmission of R-U-THERE and receipt of corresponding R-U-THERE-ACK) will serve as proof of liveliness until the next idle period. Use Cisco Feature Navigator to find information about platform support and Cisco software image support. Any use of actual IP addresses or phone numbers in illustrative content is unintentional and coincidental. Familiarity with configuring IP Security (IPsec). When the on-demand keyword is used, this argument is the number of seconds during which traffic is not received from the peer before DPD retry messages are sent if there is data (IPSec) traffic to send; the range is from 10 to 3600 seconds. On the Dead Peer interval and retry, i set it to 5 and 5, respectively. To configure a periodic DPD message, perform the following steps. seconds To access Cisco Feature Navigator, go to When the on-demand keyword is used, this argument is the number of seconds during which traffic is not received from the peer before DPD retry messages are sent if there is data (IPSec) traffic to send; the range is from 10 to 3600 seconds. The above message shows what happens when the remote peer is unreachable. With on-demand DPD, messages are sent on the basis of traffic patterns. (1005R). isakmp transform-set-name, 6. 2. connect Enable Dead Peer Detection for Idle VPN Sessions - Select this setting if you want idle VPN connections to be dropped by the firewall after the time value defined in the Dead Peer Detection Interval for Idle VPN Sessions (seconds) field. transform-set-name, 6. configure The button should turn green, indicating that the connection is . The benefit of this approach over the default approach (on-demand dead peer detection) is earlier detection of dead peers. Familiarity with configuring IP Security (IPsec). The following table provides release information about the feature or features described in this module. For the purpose of this document, the term heartbeat will refer to a unidirectional message to prove liveliness. Finding Feature Information The benefit of this approach over the default approach (on-demand dead peer detection) is earlier detection of dead peers. The dead-peer-detection options are used for IKEv1 security associations (SAs). periodic keyword. Specifies the group name and key value for the Virtual Private Network (VPN) connection. peer Router (config-crypto-ezvpn)# peer 10.10.10.10. Manually establishes and terminates an IPsec VPN tunnel on demand. Specifies an IPsec peer in a crypto map entry. Description Sets dead peer detection options when dead peer detection has been enabled with the initiate-dead-peer-detection command. crypto I'm trying to archive Ipsec STS failover using DPD. seq-num disable <----- Disable Dead Peer Detection. group DPD parameters are not negotiated by peers. It is often desirable to recognize black holes as soon as possible so that an entity can failover to a different peer quickly. With the IPsec Dead Peer Detection Periodic Message Option feature, you can configure your router so that DPD messages are forced at regular intervals. No new or modified standards are supported by this feature, and support for existing standards has not been modified by this feature. The benefit of IOS keepalives and periodic DPD is earlier detection of dead peers. If you do not specify a time interval, an error message appears. Automatic insertion and deletion of IPsec-policy-based firewall rules; NAT-Traversal via UDP encapsulation and port floating ; Support of IKEv2 message fragmentation to avoid issues with IP fragmentation; Dead Peer Detection (DPD, RFC 3706) takes care of dangling tunnels; Static virtual IPs and IKEv1 ModeConfig pull and push modes In this example, an SA could be set up to the IPsec peer at 10.10.10.10, 10.2.2.2, or 10.3.3.3. Specifies an extended access list for a crypto map entry. there is three vSRX (12.1X47-D20.7) in my test lab. [access-list-id | name]. Any examples, command display output, network topology diagrams, and other figures included in the document are shown for illustrative purposes only. To locate and download MIBs for selected platforms, Cisco IOS releases, and feature sets, use Cisco MIB Locator found at the following URL: DPD conforms to the Internet draft draft-ietf-ipsec-dpd-04.txt, which is pending publication as an Informational RFC (a number has not yet been assigned). The method, called Dead Peer Detection (DPD) uses IPSec traffic patterns to minimize the number of IKE messages that are needed to confirm liveness. key crypto After some number of retransmitted messages, an implementation should assume its peer to be unreachable and delete IPSec and IKE SAs to the peer. This configuration also causes a router to cycle through the peer list when it detects that the first peer is dead. {client | network-extension}, 7. All rights reserved. Before configuring the IPsec Dead Peer Detection Periodic Message Option feature, you should have the following: Using periodic DPD potentially allows the router to detect an unresponsive IKE peer with better response time when compared to on-demand DPD. This RFC describes DPD negotiation procedure and two new ISAKMP NOTIFY messages. they send R-U-THERE message to a peer if the peer was idle for <threshold> seconds. Unless noted otherwise, subsequent releases of that software release train also support that feature. Cisco ASR 1000 Series Aggregation Services Routers, crypto map test 1 ipsec-isakmp --(Optional) DPD messages are sent at regular intervals. The use of the word partner does not imply a partnership relationship between Cisco and any other company. [local ip-address [port local-port]] [remote ip-address [port remote-port]] | [fvrf vrf-name] [ivrf vrf-name], 3. To configure DPD with IPsec High Availability (HA), the recommendation is to use a value other than the default (which is 2 seconds). DPD and IOS keepalive features can be used in conjunction with multiple peers in the crypto map to allow for stateless failover. However, use of periodic DPD incurs extra overhead. If DPD is enabled and the peer is unreachable for some time, you can use the clear crypto session command to manually clear IKE and IPsec SAs. To find information about the features documented in this module, and to see a list of the releases in which each feature is supported, see the feature information table. IKEv2 IPSec tunnel is going down due to Dead Peer Detection (DPD). When communicating to large numbers of IKE peers, you should consider using on-demand DPD instead. To access Cisco Feature Navigator, go to The following sample output from the debug crypto isakmp command verifies that IKE DPD is enabled: To see that IKE DPD is enabled (and that the peer supports DPD): when periodic DPD is enabled, you should see the following debug messages at the interval specified by the command: The above message corresponds to sending the DPD R_U_THERE message. If a router has no traffic to send, it never sends a DPD message. Likewise, an entity can initiate a DPD exchange if it has sent outbound IPSec traffic, but not received any inbound IPSec packets in response. peer With on-demand DPD, messages are sent on the basis of traffic patterns. Use Cisco Feature Navigator to find information about platform support and Cisco software image support. crypto The following configuration tells the router to send a periodic DPD message every 30 seconds. --(Optional) The default behavior. Use Cisco Feature Navigator to find information about platform support and Cisco software image support. Some articles and Websites ( Wikipedia and Cisco for instance) claim that unlike IKEv1, IKEv2 provides a support for Dead Peer Detection. I.e. To locate and download MIBs for selected platforms, Cisco IOS software releases, and feature sets, use Cisco MIB Locator found at the following URL: DPD conforms to the Internet draft "draft-ietf-ipsec-dpd-04.txt," which is pending publication as an Informational RFC (a number has not yet been assigned). Router (config-crypto-ezvpn)# peer 10.10.10.10. 3. periodic keyword, the router defaults to the on-demand approach. In this example, an SA could be set up to the IPsec peer at 10.10.10.10, 10.2.2.2, or 10.3.3.3. Its tight integration with the Security Fabric enables policy-based automation to contain threats and control outbreaks. The following sample output from the debug crypto isakmp command verifies that IKE DPD is enabled: To see that IKE DPD is enabled (and that the peer supports DPD): when periodic DPD is enabled, you should see the following debug messages at the interval specified by the command: The above message corresponds to sending the DPD R_U_THERE message. The default DPD retry message is sent every 2 seconds. clear (1110R). www.cisco.com/go/cfn. Finding Feature Information Router (config-crypto-map)# set peer 10.12.12.12. --When the periodic keyword is used, this argument is the number of seconds between DPD messages; the range is from 10 to 3600 seconds. The following example shows that DPD is used in conjunction with multiple peers in an Easy VPN remote configuration. Router (config-crypto-ezvpn)# mode client. isakmp. A device performs this verification by sending encrypted IKE Phase 1 notification payloads (R-U-THERE messages) to a peer and waiting for DPD acknowledgements (R-U-THERE-ACK messages) from the peer. This scheme, called Dead Peer Detection (DPD), relies on IKE Notify messages to query the liveliness of an IKE peer. crypto map DPD is described in the informational RFC 3706: "A Traffic-Based Method of Detecting Dead Internet Key Exchange (IKE) Peers" authored by G. Huang, S. Beaulieu, D. Rochefort. {auto | manual}, 5. DPD retries are sent on demand. Specifies which transform sets can be used with the crypto map entry. To configure DPD and IOS keepalives to be used in conjunction with the crypto map to allow for stateless failover, perform the following steps. See the section Configuring DPD for an Easy VPN Remote. group-key, 6. terminal, 3. crypto If you want to configure the DPD periodic message option, you should use the The above message shows what happens when the remote peer is unreachable. crypto To configure DPD in an Easy VPN remote configuration, perform the following steps. However, use of periodic DPD incurs extra overhead. Router (config-crypto-ezvpn)# group unity key preshared. ipsec Thus it does not define specific DPD timers, retry intervals, retry counts or even algorithm to be used to initiate a DPD exchange. This configuration also will cause a router to cycle through the peer list when it detects that the first peer is dead. debug Deletes crypto sessions (IPsec and IKE SAs). configurations are for the IKE Phase 1 policy and for the IKE preshared key. transform-set There needs a mechanism to detect remote peer failure. isakmp Router (config-crypto-ezvpn)# mode client. A device performs this verification by sending encrypted IKE Phase 1 notification payloads (R-U-THERE messages) to a peer and waiting for DPD acknowledgements (R-U-THERE-ACK messages) from the peer. ipsec When communicating to large numbers of IKE peers, you should consider using on-demand DPD instead. In this example, an SA could be set up to the IPsec peer at 10.0.0.1, 10.0.0.2, or 10.0.0.3. Likewise, the term keepalive will refer to a bidirectional message. The following table provides release information about the feature or features described in this module. Click the red button under Connection and click OK to establish the connection. Specifically, DPD is negotiated via an exchange of the DPDISAKMP Vendor IDpayload, which is sent in the ISAKMP MM messages 3 and 4 or ISAKMP AM messages 1 and 2. peer Before configuring the IPsec Dead Peer Detection Periodic Message Option feature, you should have the following: Using periodic DPD potentially allows the router to detect an unresponsive IKE peer with better response time when compared to on-demand DPD. 3. isakmp However, IOS keepalives and periodic DPD rely on periodic messages that have to be sent with considerable frequency. On the other hand, if the router has traffic to send to the peer, and the peer does not respond, the router initiates a DPD message to determine the state of the peer. System Logs (CLI: show log system) indicating the tunnel going down due to DPD low vpn ikev2-t ikev2-n 0 IKEv2 IKE SA is down determined by DPD. This forced approach results in earlier detection of dead peers. crypto Periodic DPD Enabled Example. Dead Peer Detection (DPD) with a 60-second polling timer NAT-Traversal Initial contact for clean up of old SAs Trace debugging of ISAKMP communication Counters for both ISAKMP and IPSec Display of ISAKMP and IPSec SAs An ISAKMP/IPSec profile consists of a set of parameters that are used by ISAKMP when With the IPsec Dead Peer Detection Periodic Message Option feature, you can configure your router so that DPD messages are "forced" at regular intervals. DPD and Cisco IOS XE keepalives function on the basis of the timer. Go to Site-to-site VPN > IPsec. If you configure multiple peers, the router switches over to the next listed peer for a stateless failover. The debug crypto isakmp command can be used to verify that DPD is enabled. The IPsec Dead Peer Detection Periodic Message Option feature allows you to configure your router to query the liveliness of its Internet Key Exchange (IKE) peer at regular intervals. Dead Peer Detection ( DPD) is a method that allows detection of unreachable Internet Key Exchange (IKE) peers. DPD also has an on-demand approach. debug session crypto Enters crypto map configuration mode and creates or modifies a crypto map entry. map-name The debug crypto isakmp command can be used to verify that DPD is enabled. This forced approach results in earlier detection of dead peers. IPsec Dead Peer Detection Periodic Message Option 12.3(7)T 12.2(33)SRA 12.2(33)SXH The IPsec Dead Peer Detection Periodic Message Option feature is used to configure the router to query the liveliness of its Internet Key Exchange (IKE) peer at regular intervals. The problem with current heartbeat and keepalive proposals is their reliance upon their messages to be sent at regular intervals. Five aggressive DPD retry messages can be missed before the tunnel is marked as down. . Enable the device to use dead peer detection (DPD). DPD allows the router to clear the IKE state when a peer becomes unreachable. keepalive Deletes crypto sessions (IPsec and IKE SAs). To configure DPD in an Easy VPN remote configuration, perform the following steps. Implementations that support DPD include the Cisco VPN 3000 concentrator, Cisco PIX Firewall, Cisco VPN Client, and Cisco IOS XE software in all modes of operation--site-to-site, Easy VPN remote, and Easy VPN server. The router sends one DPD R_U_THERE message and four retransmissions before it finally deletes the IPsec and IKE SAs. To configure DPD with IPsec High Availability (HA), the recommendation is to use a value other than the default (which is 2 seconds). This command can be repeated multiple times. connect If a router has no traffic to send, it never sends a DPD message. I've even made new PSKs. See the section Configuring DPD for an Easy VPN Remote section. Enable IKE Dead Peer Detection: Select if you want inactive VPN tunnels to be dropped by the SonicWall. Created on However, IOS keepalives and periodic DPD rely on periodic messages that have to be sent with considerable frequency. If the peer fails to respond to the DPD R_U_THERE message, the router resends the message every 20 seconds (four transmissions altogether). You can specify multiple peers by repeating this command. isakmp Symptom. Enable the device to use dead peer detection (DPD). As such, the SAs can remain until their lifetimes naturally expire, resulting in a black hole situation where packets are tunneled to oblivion. The following command was introduced: {client | network-extension}, 7. transform-set-name, 6. Configure Dead peer detection in Cisco ASA firewall. Five aggressive DPD retry messages can be missed before the tunnel is marked as down. crypto Sets the peer IP address or host name for the VPN connection. DPD can be used in an Easy VPN remote configuration. The router sends one DPD R_U_THERE message and four retransmissions before it finally deletes the IPsec and IKE SAs. {ipaddress | hostname}. address An IKE peer that supports DPD (dead peer detection). Dead Peer Detection Interval - Enter the number of seconds between "heartbeats." The default value is 60 seconds. The following example shows that DPD is used in conjunction with multiple peers in an Easy VPN remote configuration. The following configurations are for a site-to-site setup with no periodic DPD enabled. map-name Cisco IOS XE keepalives are not supported for Easy VPN remote configurations. If the timer is set for 10 seconds, the router sends a "hello" message every 10 seconds (unless, of course, the router receives a "hello" message from the peer). On the other hand, if the router has traffic to send to the peer, and the peer does not respond, the router initiates a DPD message to determine the state of the peer. terminal, 3. map {ipaddress | hostname}, Router (config)# crypto ipsec client ezvpn ezvpn-config1. periodic keyword, the router defaults to the on-demand approach. Starting in Junos OS Release 17.2R1, the dead-peer-detection options are also applicable to IKEv2 SAs. To view a list of Cisco trademarks, go to this URL: This configuration causes a router to cycle through the peer list when it detects that the first peer is dead. 3. If the timer is set for 10 seconds, the router sends a hello message every 10 seconds (unless, of course, the router receives a hello message from the peer). However, use of periodic DPD incurs extra overhead. The benefit of this approach over the default approach (on-demand dead peer detection) is earlier detection of dead peers. IKEIKE SAIPsec SADPDDead Peer Detection IKEIKE SAIPsec SA To access Cisco Feature Navigator, go to Use these resources to install and configure the software and to troubleshoot and resolve technical issues with Cisco products and technologies. This also scales with the value you set in a 1:4 ratio. In Junos OS Release 17.1 and earlier, the dead-peer-detection options are not applicable to . Enable the device to use dead peer detection (DPD). With the IPsec Dead Peer Detection Periodic Message Option feature, you can configure your router so that DPD messages are forced at regular intervals. Creates a Cisco Easy VPN remote configuration and enters the Cisco Easy VPN Remote configuration mode. The default DPD retry message is sent every 2 seconds. The "keepalive" is silently discarded by the IPSec peer. The use of the word partner does not imply a partnership relationship between Cisco and any other company. group seconds This asynchronous property of DPD exchanges allows fewer messages to be sent, and this is how DPD achieves greater scalability. ASA and PIX firewalls support "semi-periodic" DPD only. Turn off dead peer detection, tunnel comes up, but later on tunnel goes down. Router (config-crypto-map)# match address 101. This forced approach results in earlier detection of dead peers. Once 1 DPD message is missed by the peer, the router moves to a more aggressive state and sends the DPD retry message at the faster retry interval, which is the number of seconds between DPD retries if the DPD message is missed by the peer. set Solution You can configure DPD per phase1-interface as follows (default settings are shown): #config vpn ipsec phase1-interface edit <Tunnel Name> set dpd [disable | on-idle | on-demand] set dpd-retryinterval 20 set dpd-retrycount 3 next end DPD: The benefit of IOS keepalives and periodic DPD is earlier detection of dead peers. 02:09 AM, The Fortinet Security Fabric brings together the concepts of convergence and consolidation to provide comprehensive cybersecurity protection for all users, devices, and applications and across all network edges.. This configuration will cause a router to cycle through the peer list when it detects that the first peer is dead. The IPsec Dead Peer Detection Periodic Message Option feature is used to configure the router to query the liveliness of its Internet Key Exchange (IKE) peer at regular intervals. Prerequisites for IPsec Dead Peer Detection PeriodicMessage Option, Restrictions for IPsec Dead Peer Detection PeriodicMessage Option, Information About IPsec Dead Peer DetectionPeriodic Message Option, How DPD and Cisco IOS Keepalive Features Work, Using the IPsec Dead Peer Detection Periodic Message Option, Using DPD and Cisco IOS Keepalive Featureswith Multiple Peers in the Crypto Map, Using DPD in an Easy VPN Remote Configuration, How to Configure IPsec Dead Peer Detection PeriodicMessage Option, Configuring DPD and Cisco IOS Keepalives with Multiple Peersin the Crypto Map, Configuration Examples for IPsec Dead Peer DetectionPeriodic Message Option, Site-to-Site Setup with Periodic DPD Enabled Example, Easy VPN Remote with DPD Enabled Example, Verifying DPD Configuration Using the debug crypto isakmp Command Example, DPD and Cisco IOS Keepalives Used in Conjunction with Multiple Peers in a Crypto Map Example, DPD Used in Conjunction with Multiple Peers for an Easy VPN Remote Example, Feature Information for IPsec Dead Peer Detection Periodic Message Option, Site-to-Site Setup with Periodic DPD Enabled Example, Verifying DPD Configuration Using the debug crypto isakmp Command Example, DPD and Cisco IOS Keepalives Used in Conjunction with Multiple Peers in a Crypto Map Example, DPD Used in Conjunction with Multiple Peers for an Easy VPN Remote Example. The configurations are for the IKE Phase 1 policy and for the IKE preshared key. The benefit of this approach over the default approach (on-demand dead peer detection) is earlier detection of dead peers. 2022 Cisco and/or its affiliates. session An implementation can initiate a DPD exchange (i.e., send an R-U-THERE message) when there has been some period of idleness, followed by the desire to send outbound traffic. configure To configure a periodic DPD message, perform the following steps. However, unlike NAT traversal or DoS attacks for example, the official RFC 4306 did not mention how to address this problem. Access to most tools on the Cisco Support website requires a Cisco.com user ID and password. The result of sending frequent messages is that the communicating peers must encrypt and decrypt more packets. If you configure multiple peers, the router switches over to the next listed peer for a stateless failover. DPD and Cisco IOS keepalives function on the basis of the timer. isakmp periodic keyword. For example, if a router has no traffic to send, a DPD message is still sent at regular intervals, and if a peer is dead, the router does not have to wait until the IKE SA times out to find out. I enable Dead Peer Dection (DPD) in the IKE gateway between the PAN IKEv1 and Cisco R2 router. During IPsec tunnel creation, VPN peers will negotiate to decide whether to use DPD or not. If DPD is enabled and the peer is unreachable for some time, you can use the clear crypto session command to manually clear IKE and IPsec SAs. To access Cisco Feature Navigator, go to www.cisco.com/go/cfn. Third-party trademarks mentioned are the property of their respective owners. Router (config-crypto-ezvpn)# group unity key preshared. isakmp Router (config-crypto-map)# set transform-set txfm. address Similarly, because rapid detection of the dead peer is often desired, these messages must be sent with some frequency, again translating into considerable overhead for message processing. Dead Peer Detection (DPD) is the method to detect the aliveness of an IPsec connection. A keepalive timer of 10 seconds with 5 retries seems to work well with HA because of the time that it takes for the router to get into active mode. on-idle <----- Trigger Dead Peer Detection when IPsec is idle. The default DPD retry message is sent every 2 seconds. Router (config-crypto-map)# set transform-set txfm. This configuration causes a router to cycle through the peer list when it detects that the first peer is dead. crypto The connection is established successfully (I can ping and transfer over vpn), but after ~3min the DeadPeerDetection kills the vpn, so it must be re-established. To configure DPD and IOS keepalives to be used in conjunction with the crypto map to allow for stateless failover, perform the following steps. . The benefit of this approach over the default approach (on-demand dead peer detection) is earlier detection of dead peers. www.cisco.com/go/cfn. If you configure multiple peers, the router will switch over to the next listed peer for a stateless failover. 11-07-2017 The following example shows that DPD is used in conjunction with multiple peers in an Easy VPN remote configuration. Cisco and the Cisco Logo are trademarks of Cisco Systems, Inc. and/or its affiliates in the U.S. and other countries. set transform-set Trans1 In the first example, the tunnel is brought down manually using . key keepalive command with the client seq-num Likewise, it is sometimes necessary to detect black holes to recover lost resources. A peer is free to request proof of liveliness when it needs it not at mandated intervals. 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